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Saturday, March 17, 2012

Today's Etymology: "Juice" -- 1596 Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. i. sig. A7v, Like withered tree, that wanteth iuyce [rhyme floure deluce].

juice, n.


Pronunciation:  /dʒuːs/
Forms:  α. ME iuys, (ME iuyshe, iwisch, iwissh, wisch), ME iuwys, yuis, 15–16 iuyce, iuice... 
Etymology:  < French jus, < Latin jūs broth, sauce, juice of animal or plant. The β forms are normal from French; with the others compare those of duke, flute, jupe, and bruit, fruit.
 1.

 a. The watery or liquid part of vegetables or fruits, which can be expressed or extracted; commonly containing the characteristic flavour and other properties.

α.
c1290   S. Eng. Leg. I. 360/52   Iuys of smal-Ache do þar-to.
c1400   tr. Secreta Secret., Gov. Lordsh. 83   Oynement maad of myrre, and of þe iuwys of þe herbe þat ys clepyd bletes.
a1475   Bk. Quinte Essence 20   Þe yuis of þe eerbe þat is callid morsus galline rubri.
1533   T. Elyot Castel of Helthe ii. xiv,   The iuyce of theym [oranges] is colde in the second degre.
1596   Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. i. sig. A7v,   Like withered tree, that wanteth iuyce [rhyme floure deluce].
a1626   Bacon Sylva §633   The juices of fruits are either watery or oily‥Those that have oily juices, are olives, almonds, nuts of all sorts‥etc., and their juices are all inflammable.
1626   Bacon New Atlantis 36 in Sylua Syluarum,   Wines we have of Grapes; and Drinkes of other Iuyce.
1673   J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 204   They take the juyce of Beet.
1884   F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 192   The peculiar juice which flows from milky plants.
β.
1390   J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 266   And tho sche tok vnto his vs Of herbes al the beste ius.
c1420   Pallad. on Husb. ii. 206   Vche herbe in his colour, odour, & Iuce [rhyme letuce].
c1440Iwse [see γ. ].
1513   G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xii. vii. 90   The hailsum ius of herb ambrosyane.
1528   T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in tr. Joannes de Mediolano Regimen Sanitatis Salerni sig. aj b,   Celendine, whose ieuse is citrine.
1553   J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus Hist. vii. f. 132v,   They‥noint themselues with iuse whiche they wringe out of Sesama.
1570   P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Pii/1,   Iuce of herbes, succus.
γ.
a1400–50   Alexander 339   Þe ious out he wrengis.
c1400   tr. Secreta Secret., Gov. Lordsh. 84   Take þe iowse of þe poume-garnet swete, xxv Rotes, and of þe Iowse of swet appelys, x Rotes.
c1440   Promp. Parv. 265/2   Iows of frutys, or herbys‥[King's Cambr. iowse or iwse], ius, succus.
1530   J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 235/1   Iowse of an herbe, jus.
δ.
14..   in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 564/40   Aporima, ioys of gras.
c1450   Two Cookery-bks. 116   Ioissh of persely or malves.
1553   R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Jvv,   The humoure or ioyse which droppeth out of the braunches of the date trees.
1565–73   T. Cooper Thesaurus at Dens,   The ioyse anointed healeth the toothache.
1901   N.E.D. at Juice,   Mod. Sc., Edinb., Peebles, Roxb., etc. Joice, as 'bacca joice, the joice o' reid currans.
 

 b. spec. that of the grape, made into wine. Also more generally, alcoholic liquor (U.S. slang).

a1387   J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 121   And schewede hem þe juse of grapes and of buries.
a1616   Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) v. ii. 277   No more The iuyce of Egypts Grape shall moyst this lip.
1733   Pope Ess. Man i. 140   Annual for me, the grape, the rose renew The juice nectareous, and the balmy dew.
1813   Scott Bridal of Triermain ii. ix. 66   She raised the cup—‘Not this the juice That sluggish vines of earth produce.’
1827   P. Cunningham Two Years New S. Wales II. xxviii. 209   An over-dose of the juice.
1932   Evening Sun (Baltimore) 9 Dec. 31/4   Juice, whisky.
1940   D. Ellington in Swing May 10/3   Everybody in our band at that time was a juice-hound, juice meaning any kind of firewater.
1956   B. Holiday & W. Duffy Lady sings Blues xix. 177   There was no place I could work in New York—not if they sold juice there.
1961   R. Russell Sound 22   ‘Nuthin' at all like juice, either,’ Hassan said. ‘No hangover.’
1971   Harper's Mag. May 83   But they need their juice, for their kind of tension would not be relieved by the head-lightening stuff, they need the down-deep sleep of the intelligence that comes with liquor.
 

 c.  (a) The liquor from the sugar cane;  (b) this made ready for evaporation.

(a)
1697   Philos. Trans. 1695–7 (Royal Soc.) 19 381   The Juice of the Cane.
1784   P. H. Maty in New Rev. Sept. 194   To‥cut the cane,‥to have the juice expressed, and boiled into sugar.
1812   J. Taylor Arbores Mirabiles 39   The season continues‥about six weeks, when the juice is found to be too thin and poor to make sugar.
1830   G. R. Porter Nature & Properties Sugar Cane 17   The cane contains three sorts of juice, one aqueous, another saccharine, and the third mucous.
(b)
1839   A. Ure Dict. Arts 1202   Where canes grow on a calcareous marly soil, in a favourable season the saccharine matter gets so thoroughly elaborated, and the glutinous mucilage so completely condensed, that a clear juice and a fine sugar may be obtained without the use of lime.
1887   Encycl. Brit. XXII. 626/1   Wetzel's pan,‥and similar devices for the efficient evaporation of juice‥are also in use.

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